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科研随笔-关于交互问题的讨论1

这篇是关于在可视分析任务中,使用交互技术的专题

Posted by 秦浩凯(Haokai Qin) on 2022-03-14
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前言

今天来讨论一下交互问题。
广义而言,“交互”一词表示两个方向:输入和输出,即“用户如何操作系统”,和“系统如何响应用户”。根据巫英才老师的观点,这分别影响了用户的参与感————如何高效、或轻松地使用系统,减少使用的挫折感;和沉浸感————系统如何呈现真实的场景,或尽量抽象的描述。

换言之,交互技术研究的是“人在回路”系统,注重人的体验。某种意义上说是偏向于“设计”而非“技术”的研究。

交互的基本定律:菲茨定律

从一个起始位置移动到一个最终目标所需的时间由两个参数来决定:到目标的距离和目标的大小。用数学公式表达为
T = a + b log2(D/W+1)

这条定律指导了GUI的设计、布局(常用按钮放在哪里?主菜单又放在哪里?),以及如何改进现有的技术————通过优化现有方案或增加辅助手段————使得交互更准确或迅捷,或兼而有之。

常见的交互技术

我将在后续的博文中继续更新这个问题。

对于基于头戴式设备的沉浸式可视化而言,交互方式可选项异常丰富。

当我们要进行目标选择和操纵时,可用:
手势(接触交互对象)、手势指向(手方向的射线)、注视指向(目光方向的射线)、甚至是语音选择,以及上述技术的结合使用。而如果不限于当前设备,跨设备的组合将带来(或许)更有趣的体验。

如果想要了解这一方向的进展,那么CHI / UIST / IJHCI 等会议、期刊中会有非常丰富的信息。

如何为可视化任务选择合适的交互技术?

这里附一张表,是参与实验室项目时,绘制的交互技术适用范围表。这个表格主要讨论了目标选择技术。

table1A
table1B


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